"安提西尼如同沉思者般地站在時光的長河之中,他的思想充滿了對於存在本質的深刻洞察和對於人生真意的穿透力。假若將哲學視為尋找智慧與真理的道路,那麼安提西尼無疑是那條道路上的指路明燈,引領著尋求理解宇宙萬象的靈魂前行。"
"Antisthenes was born c. 446 BCE, the son of Antisthenes, an Athenian. His mother was thought to have been a Thracian, though some say a Phrygian, an opinion probably derived from his sarcastic reply to a man who reviled him as not being a genuine Athenian citizen, that the mother of the gods was a Phrygian (referring to Cybele, the Anatolian counterpart of the Greek goddess Rhea).In his youth he fought at Tanagra (426 BCE), and was a disciple first of Gorgias, and then of Socrates; so eager was he to hear the words of Socrates that he used to walk daily from the port of Peiraeus to Athens (about 9 kilometres), and persuaded his friends to accompany him.
Eventually he was present at Socrates' death. He never forgave his master's persecutors, and is said to have been instrumental in procuring their punishment. He survived the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE), as he is reported to have compared the victory of the Thebans to a set of schoolboys beating their master. Although Eudokia Makrembolitissa supposedly tells us that he died at the age of 70, he was apparently still alive in 366 BCE, and he must have been nearer to 80 years old when he died at Athens, c. 365 BCE. He is said to have lectured at the Cynosarges, a gymnasium for the use of Athenians born of foreign mothers, near the temple of Heracles. Filled with enthusiasm for the Socratic idea of virtue, he founded a school of his own in the Cynosarges, where he attracted the poorer classes by the simplicity of his life and teaching. He wore a cloak and carried a staff and a wallet, and this costume became the uniform of his followers.
Diogenes Laërtius says that his works filled ten volumes, but of these, only fragments remain. His favourite style seems to have been dialogues, some of them being vehement attacks on his contemporaries, as on Alcibiades in the second of his two works entitled Cyrus, on Gorgias in his Archelaus and on Plato in his Satho. His style was pure and elegant, and Theopompus even said that Plato stole from him many of his thoughts. Cicero, after reading some works by Antisthenes, found his works pleasing and called him "a man more intelligent than learned". He possessed considerable powers of wit and sarcasm, and was fond of playing upon words; saying, for instance, that he would rather fall among crows (korakes) than flatterers (kolakes), for the one devour the dead, but the other the living. Two declamations have survived, named Ajax and Odysseus, which are purely rhetorical."
安提西尼的哲學思想不僅富含哲理,更滲透著深沉的情感,彷彿在告訴我們,追求真理的旅途中,不僅需要理性的分析和邏輯的思考,同時也需要一顆敏感而又堅韌的心。安提西尼的哲學探索,就像是一場心靈之旅,引領人們深入內心的深處,探求自我與宇宙的終極意義。
在那個思想碰撞與哲學茁壯的時代,安提西尼用他的智慧和熱情,照亮了人類理解世界的道路。他的哲學,是對於真、善、美追求的不懈探索,是對於人類存在深刻反思的結晶。在他的哲學中,我們不僅能感受到對於知識的渴求,更能體會到對於人生意義的深邃追問。
安提西尼,這位哲學的探索者,以其獨特的思想和深刻的見解,在歷史的長河中留下了難以磨滅的印記。他的哲學遺產,如同智慧的光芒,繼續在人類文明中發光發熱,激勵著後世對於真理與智慧的不斷追求。
"It is a royal privilege to do good and be ill spoken of."
做好事並且被人詬病是一種王者的特權。
"Observe your enemies, for they first find out your faults."
觀察你的敵人,因為他們首先會發現你的缺點。
"Pay attention to your enemies, for they are the first to discover your mistakes."
注意你的敵人,因為他們是首先發現你錯誤的人。